Dipper handle



Sept. 25, l934 E. G. HALLQuls'r DIPPER HANI'JL Filed 0G11. 19, 1932' 3 Sheets-'Sheet .l

a Vl.

IIIIIEI lllalll- N N fmw Sept. 25, 1934. E. Gf HALLQUlsT DIPPER HANDLE Filed oct. 19. 1932 s sheets-.sheet '3 .15. part.

Patented Sept. 25, 1934 DIPPER HANDLE l VEinar G, Hallquist, Wallingford, Pa., assignor to f Y General Steel Castings Corporation, Granite e City, Ill., a corporation vof 'Delaware Applicsiition October lI9, 19.32;.'Serial lloQGSS-,flr-Y i .y

14 claims. (ci. 214+145) This invention relates to dredge or other power shovels and-consists particularlyina novel 4dipper handle. i.

" In: dredge `andother=power `shovel construc- 15 tion, -it is adesirablethat -moving parts, such as the ,dipperg handle, be as light as possible While atV the same time suciently strong to Withstandthe various twisting, bending and rack:r forces incident to the hard usage to| Whichfthe part is `l subjected. Since these forces vary at different `pointsgalong the handle, adiiferent disposition of metal is desirable at the diierent points in order i T20 but the moments of forcefapplied toV this type of structure produce stresses which vary at'idifferent points. along the walls. The stresses are vgreatest at the pointsof greatest moments and 3 0 -ofthe handle: is-subjectedto rotational or twisting forces due to eccentricdiggingof the shovel;

thatfis, digging on one corner only instead of .straight across the front edge thereof The greatest'` bending forces are.- applied-to Vthe inner. end

l the corresponding section lines of Figure 2, `ingidigging and laterally when the boomv swings 13 5 ofithe' handle and these are applied vertically durto the side and causes the shovel( to strike the materials v-to beremoved. Y

Moreover, due. tothe sudden shocks. received 40 in operation, the handle should be yinadeasilexible as. possible throughout.. and it is diflicultin the 'lline'15-15 of Figure 14;.

.ordinary built-up structures to provide for uni- A formitypf stress andto.:so arrange the metal plates Aas to-provide adequate strength and rugged- .ness without a consequent loss pt .ilexibility and lightnesaand vice versa. y l

The twisting forces'at. thefydipper end of the handle arebest resisted by a substantially cylindrical disposition of metal. The bending and rack forcesA at the lboom end are -loest`v resisted by a handle of rectangular v section, and also the rectangular section facilitatesthe application of the gearracks and provides better bearing; against `.theguides or ways of the boom. l

g55l One object of `thepresent invention is--tog provvide a dipper handle `"suitably shaped atlvarious ing the structure and necessitating frequent inypanying drawings in Whichi. v

.. Figure l is a half side `view of thenovel dipper i operating pinion gearinot shown) :from runpoints to accommodate the vdifferent forces, re-

ferredto. Another object is to provide adipper handle which shall be as light and flexible aspossible commensurate with the vstreng-th requirements.

Another object is to provide acast dipper handle structure which is varied in crosssection and thicknessl of wall in a manner to obtain a substantially uniform or constant stress `due to vthe forces applied to the various parts thereof.

Another Objectis to construct a one-piece dipper handle having, no. joints orv crevices weakenspection and repairs. i These objects and others are attained substantially by the structures illustrated inthe accomhandle. 3.5

Figure 2` is a.y similar view of other' '.iialf thereof. Y

Figure 3 isfa. han top View ofthe handle. lFigure. 4 is a similar view' showing the other Vhalf of the handle.

kFigures 5 and 6l are vertical longitudinal `'sections taken onfthe 'corresponding sectionlines .of yFigures 3 an'dfl, respectively.

Figure 7 is a .transverse section taken onl the brokenline '1 7' of Figure 4.'

vFigure 8" is an end view of the handle.

Figure 9 is a vertical' transverse sectional v ieW taken on line 9`-9fo f Figure 1. y "l y Figures 10,11 and'12are similar views taken on Figure l13 shows the novel dipper handle assembled with a boom and other dredge parts upon a dredge'hull. k v 7 f Figure 14-is a detail vertical vlongitudinal section through a-modied'form of the handle. 'l

f Figure 15 is a transverse section taken on the The handle is illustrated as castY `in yone piece including a rectangular portion extending substantially half the length 'ofI the structure and 100 having vside walls l, top Wall 2, and vbottom Walli3 f to which is secured a rack'plate 4, parts of which -iareshown in Figures 1 and' 5. Projections 10` and 20.at the end vofv the :rack Yplate prevent .thezconing V01T .the endof. the raclr.v AThis part of the structure is reinforced by transverse ribs 5. having j'substantial central perforations 5a.

At the `opposite end of the handle is a downwardly inclined box-shaped part i6 provided with ..110

lugs 6a for pivotolly mounting the dipper 9 (Figure 13), and ears '7 forming pockets for mounting dipper braces 8. As indicated in Figure 12, the handle immediately adjacent the dipper supporting elements is of circular cross section to better resist twisting forces centered about this portion. As indicated in Figures 12, 11, and 10, respectively, the cross-sectional shaping towards the middle gradually assumes the oblong shape of the rack portion, as in Figure 9. Lateral bending moments in the handle decrease towards the dipper end, permitting the use of less metal at this end and, accordingly, the cross-sectional area of the metal at the dipper end is made less than that of the rectangular rack portion, the crosssectional area gradually decreasing from the inner end 10 of the rack to the lugs 7. The vertical dimension of the tapering part varies, as` in Figure 2, while the horizontal dimension remains substantially constant from end to end of the handle. The rack portion at the left-handend is of uniform cross-sectional area.

The walls of the rack portion are of suitable thickness to withstand the bending stress referred to and the thrust arising from operation of the rack and pinion drive, and the handle'walls are uniformly decreased in thickness from end wall 21 towards the dipper end, reaching a minimum thickness adjacent the lugs 7. A portion of the wall, particulary at the boom end, may be made of uniform thickness, if desired; This construction provides for maximum iexibiity at the outer end of the handle adjacent the dipper supporting part, together with uniform stress and adequate strength throughout. The side walls are provided with perforations 11 to lighten the structure and permit access to the interior thereof, the top and bottom walls being imperforate from end to end. The lower surface is suitably machined for mounting the rack 4 which may be welded or otherwise secured in position. The corners of the rectangular rack portion are rounded, as at 12, to limit stress concentration which would result if the horizontal and Vertical walls met in sharp corners.

In Figures 14 and 15, the under surface of the innerhalf portion 13 ofthe handle structure is provided with integral transverse corrugations 14 forming a rack for engaging the operating gear on the boom. The structure is otherwise Vthe same as in the previous form. 1

" Figure 13 shows the novel handle, indicated generally at 15, assembled with the dipper 9 and boom 16 and mounted on a dredge hull 17 which is anchored to the bottom by one or more of the u spuds 18. It will be seen that during the digging operation when the dipper is in its lowest position,

forces4 on the handle will be at the vmaximum, whilepin the raised position of the dipper most of the forces will be carried by the lifting cable 19, operated by an engine or motor on the dredge hull, shown in part at 23. f

The novel handle is suitably shaped throughout toadequately withstand -the varying stresses applied to different parts thereof. rfhere are no overlapping flanged joints incident to built-up constructions and the metal is disposed in the most advantageous manner so that the structure attains the maximum lightness and flexibility. Various features of the invention are best attained by the'integral construction shown and described, and the consequent absence of bolted and riveted connections substantially increases the strength and durability of the structure, which should last the lifetime of the dredge or power shovel.

The detail shaping of the handle illustrated is not essential. For instance, the gradually diminishing area of cross section may vary in its horizontal dimension instead of its vertical dimension as shown, or it may vary in both dimensions. Also the, dipper mounting elements are not essential and these may be otherwise shaped and disposed, or may be formed separately and riveted or weldedto the handle. The novel handle may be advantageously used in all forms of power shovels. These and other modications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and I contemplate the exclusive use of all such modifications as come within the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. Al dipper handle having a rack portion and a dipper mounting portion, said dipper portion having walls substantially curved in aplane transverse tothe axis of the handle and said rack portion having flat walls. s

2. A dipper handle having a rack portion and a dipper mounting portion, the cross-section of said dipper portion being of circular shape and the cross-section of said rack portion being of rectangular shape.

3. A dipper handle having a rack end and a dipper end, the cross-section of the handleat said dipper end being circular and gradually changing to substantially rectangular shape at said rack end. i

4. A dipper handle including a rack portion of ico substantially rectangular cross-section, and a dip- T10 per mounting end spaced therefrom, the crosssections between said portion and said end gradually changing from rectangular to circular shape.r

5. A dipper handle including a rack portion and a dipper mounting portion, the cross-sections of the metal between said portions gradually changing from rectangular to circular shape and gradually decreasing in area.

6. An integral hollow dipper handle structure including a rack portion and a dipper mounting part, the cross-sectional area of the structure being circular at said part and gradually changing to rectangular at said portion, and the wall n thickness of the structure gradually increasing from said part to said portion.

'7. An integral dipper handle structure including a dipper mounting part of round cross-section to withstand torsional forces and a rack portion'of rectangular cross-section to withstandC bending forces and with its corners rounded to limit stress concentration.

8. In a handle for a power dipper, an end part iris sin

itc

including elements spaced substantially from each other longitudinally of the handle for mounting a dipper, a part spaced from said end part for 'a rack by which the handle and dipper'mounted thereon are manipulated, and a structure Yof structed so that its portion adjacent 'to said dipper mounting end part may flex in different angular directions about the handle axis more readily than the portion of said structure adjacentsaid rack part. Y

9. In a handle for a power dipper, an end partA including elements spaced substantially from each other longitudinally of the handle for mounting a dipper, a part spaced from said end Asubstantial length between said parts and c'on` part for a rack by which the handle and dipper A mounted thereon are manipulated, and a structure 1:50

of substantial length between said parts and comprising webs disposed in different planes transversely of the handle axis and decreasing in thickness towards said dipper mounting end suiciently to render the handle flexible to accommodate blows against the dipper.

l0. A handle for a power dipper comprising an end part upon which the dipper may be mounted and of rigid construction to resist deformation under forces to which the dipper is subjected, and a body part of hollow metal construction and tapering towards said end part so that the portion of said body part adjacent to said end part is more Iflexible than the remainder thereof and adapted to flex under said forces.

11. A handle as specified in claim 10 in which the walls of hollow body part decrease yin thickness towards the end part for mounting the dipper.

12. A handle for a power dipper comprising an end part upon which the dipper may be mounted and of rigid construction to resist deformation under forces to which the clipper is subjected, a rack part spaced substantially from said end part and of rigid construction to resist such deformation transversely of its axis as would affect free operation of the rack and its pinion, and an intermediate part of hollow section of substantial width to resist torsional stresses arising from forces tending to twist the dipper about the longitudinal axis of the handle, said intermediate part having a cross sectional area adjacent to said end part less than its cross sectional area adjacent said rack part, the length of said intermediate part and the variation in its cross sectional areas being proportioned to provide flexibility transversely of said axis adjacent said end part to yield to blows on the dipper applied at diierent angles.

13. A handle as specied in claim 12 in which the walls of the hollow intermediate part decrease in thickness towards the end part for mounting the dipper.

14. A handle for a power clipper having an end part for mounting the dipper, a rack part spaced therefrom, and an intermediate part of substantial length between said end part and said rack part and having a substantially circular cross section adjacent to said end part and with its cross section gradually changing to a substantially rectangular cross section towards said l rack part, the cross section of said end part being non-circular.

EINAR G. HALLQUIST. 

